{"id":9295,"date":"2025-03-10T13:47:59","date_gmt":"2025-03-10T07:47:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/?post_type=publication&p=9295"},"modified":"2025-03-11T10:56:08","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T04:56:08","slug":"production-of-performance-grade-bio-asphalt-from-fecal-sludge-using-natural-clay-catalysts-through-hydrothermal-liquefaction","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/publications\/production-of-performance-grade-bio-asphalt-from-fecal-sludge-using-natural-clay-catalysts-through-hydrothermal-liquefaction\/","title":{"rendered":"Production of performance grade bio-asphalt from fecal sludge using natural clay catalysts through hydrothermal liquefaction"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Road transportation is still a prominent communication system in today’s high-tech world, leading to heavy usage of petroleum-based asphalt, consequently worsening environmental pollution. On top of that, improper management of fecal sludge (FS), a significant wet waste, leads to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and global warming. In this study, we took the opportunity to convert fecal sludge (FS) into asphaltene-rich bio-crude through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) in the presence of low-cost natural clay catalysts (kaolin, bentonite, dolomitic limestone, Netrokona, and Khulna clay). The results showed a maximum bio-crude yield of 54\u202fwt% with a heating value of 34.2 MJ\/kg for bentonite clay with asphaltene content of around 56\u202fwt% at 300 \u00b0C and 60\u202fmin retention time. The highest percentage (61.5\u202f%) of the hydrocarbon fraction from GC-MS indicates the decarboxylation of long-chain fatty acids, indicating asphaltene-rich bio-crude. Similarly, TGA reports around 55\u202f% residue fraction at 600 \u00b0C in bio-crude, suggesting a higher asphaltene content. The bio-asphalt exhibited better deformation resistance and rheological behavior regarding complex shear modulus (G*) and phase angle (\u03b4) compared to performance graded 58\u201328 asphalt binder and 50-grade bitumen. Based on the rutting factor (G*\/sin\u03b4) value of 1.42 kPa at 76 \u00b0C, the bio-asphalt could be categorized as a high-temperature 76-grade binder, indicating rutting resistance competence at high-temperature paving applications. The study reveals that bentonite clay is a highly effective catalyst for producing asphaltene-rich bio-crude using HTL, offering an economical and environment-friendly substitute for petrocrude and petro-based asphalt towards a green energy production pathway.<\/p>\n

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The study reveals that bentonite clay is a highly effective catalyst for producing asphaltene-rich bio-crude using HTL, offering an economical and environment-friendly substitute for petrocrude and petro-based asphalt towards a green energy production pathway.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9301,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":""},"yaer":[368],"auther":[],"language":[],"pub_tag":[],"publications_cat":[63],"class_list":["post-9295","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","yaer-368","publications_cat-research-paper"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/9295","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9295"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9301"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9295"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"yaer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yaer?post=9295"},{"taxonomy":"auther","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/auther?post=9295"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=9295"},{"taxonomy":"pub_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pub_tag?post=9295"},{"taxonomy":"publications_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itn.buet.ac.bd\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publications_cat?post=9295"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}